INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCE RESEARCH
IN MULTIDISCIPLINARY

The industrialization globally is increasing the occupational morbidity even if the traditional labor-oriented markets are on more of automation and mechanization, at the same time there is a requirement of manual attention towards delicate operation and general awareness about occupational safety, occupational and environmental hazards were not spread in an effective manner or is subjected to less importance. Occupational safety and health (OSH) are defined as the science of the anticipation, recognition, evaluation and control of hazards arising in or from the workplace that could impair the health and well-being of workers, taking into account the possible impact on the surrounding communities and the general environment. Due to the high number of accidents that occur in industrial consequences for workers, organizations, society and countries, OSH has become a very important factor to maintain to look after the human rights. This paper is going to research as in the aspect of how the OSH functions in various countries, its constitution history as well as its effectively. This paper will be mostly based on secondary research which will involve articles, journal, books, blogs and some previously available research work. Occupational health and safety (OSH) remain critical concerns globally, with significant implications for workers' well-being and economic productivity. Recent data indicates that approximately 18% of the global workforce has experienced serious harm at work in the past two years, underscoring persistent challenges in ensuring safe working environments. In South Asia, and specifically Nepal, these challenges are exacerbated by factors such as inadequate reporting systems, limited access to safety training, and the prevalence of informal employment. This paper also examines current trends in OSH from a global perspective, with a focus on Nepal and the broader South Asian region, highlighting recent data, notable incidents, and key facts up to 2024.