INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCE RESEARCH
IN MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Breastfeeding is universally recognized as the ideal method of infant feeding, offering essential nutrients, immune protection, and long-term health benefits for both infants and mothers. However, insufficient milk production remains a common concern among lactating women and can lead to early cessation of breastfeeding. In such cases galactagogues, substances that promote or enhance lactation are often used to support milk production. This review presents an overview of the physiology of lactation, factors contributing to delayed or inadequate milk supply, and evaluates both pharmaceutical and herbal galactagogues. Particular emphasis is placed on traditional plant-based galactagogues, which are gaining popularity due to their accessibility, affordability, and perceived safety. Key herbs such as fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), papaya (Carica papaya) leaves, moringa (Moringa oleifera), ginger (Zingiber officinale), garlic (Allium sativum), milk thistle (Silybum marianum), and shatavari (Asparagus racemosus) are explored in detail. Their mechanisms of action, active phytochemicals, clinical evidence, and safety profiles are discussed. Although existing studies support the lactogenic effects of these herbs, more rigorous clinical trials are needed to confirm efficacy, determine optimal dosages, and evaluate safety across diverse populations and over long-term use.