Human adaptation to a dynamic environment depends on the brain's ability to organise countless perceptual, cognitive, and motor actions into coherent, goal-directed behaviour. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the hierarchical organisation of behaviour-from automatic routines to executive control-and its critical role in psychological adjustment. Integrating classical cybernetic models (TOTE, control theory) with contemporary advances in computational neuroscience, we demonstrate that behavioural disorganisation is a transdiagnostic feature of maladjustment across depression, anxiety, psychosis, and personality disorders. We propose a unified "Hierarchical Adjustment Framework" (HAF) specifying three interacting levels: (1) habitual-sensorimotor, (2) goal-directed action selection, and (3) metacognitive supervision. Empirical evidence from neuroimaging, clinical, developmental, and ecological momentary assessment studies is reviewed. We further explore cultural variations in what constitutes "organised" behaviour and present case illustrations of interventions that restructure behavioural hierarchies (behavioural activation, cognitive remediation, environmental design). The paper concludes with a research agenda and practical guidelines for fostering adjustment through behavioural organisation across the lifespan.