The spread of artificial intelligence (AI) and automation is rearranging economies globally, rewriting the traditional patterns of production and changing patterns of international trade. The question central to the present discussion is what the implications of AI and automation are in terms of comparative advantage-one of the stalwarts of the classical economics. Despite being widely considered as technologies that increase productivity, they have numerous implications on international trade, which are significant and multidimensional. The paper explores how they affect the global supply chains, how they have been used to rebalance the comparative advantages as well as how they have affected competition among countries. Based on the existing body of knowledge, creation of a new conceptual framework, and empirical analysis, the discussion highlights the intangible ways in which AI and automation threatens to destabilize trade theory, especially in the situation of digital economies and knowledge-intensive industries. It is clear in the findings that such technologies do not only act as labour substitutes, but they can play a transformative role in changing the determinants of comparative advantage. The paper is brought to an end with an explanation as to the policy implications of the trade, labor markets and other aspects of economic governance in the automated globalized world. and labour markets and economic governance within an increasingly automated world.