Article Abstract
International Journal of Advance Research in Multidisciplinary, 2025;3(1):368-377
The Relationship Between the Lion's (Panthera Leo) Boldness and Other Behaviors
Author : Himanshi Baghel and Dr. Krishna Raj Singh
Abstract
A reduction of 43% in the African lion (Panthera Leo) population since 1993 has led to its classification as vulnerable by the IUCN. Contributing factors include decreased prey availability, habitat degradation, and human conflict, highlighting the need for effective conservation strategies. Ex-situ conservation is emerging as a potential solution, aiming to understand personality traits like boldness in lions and their implications for successful reintroduction. This research focuses on evaluating the boldness levels of the Dambwa pride's twelve members through six playbacks, analyzing their social interactions and daily activities. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of behavioral competence in lions being reintroduced to the wild, advocating for thorough pre-release assessments to ensure their viability. The research also presents the first comprehensive analysis of lion prides originating from captivity and their interactions with a wild pride, providing insights into how captive histories may influence behavior. Evaluation of various behavioral facets such as social interactions and hunting patterns revealed differences in daily activity between sexes, with adults generally sleeping more than cubs. Social network analysis (SNA) further helped compare pride behaviors at individual and subgroup levels, illustrating social cohesion within prides and highlighting the role of age subgroups and keystone adult females. Additionally, territorial assessments showed how central territories reflect resource usage and needs, underscoring the complexity of lion social dynamics and conservation efforts.
Keywords
African lion, Panthera, resource utilization, behavior