Management products are widely used to maintain pond environmental quality, prevent disease, improve fish survival and enhance production. However, farm-level information on the types of products used, their application practices, effectiveness and potential management implications remains limited in many inland aquaculture regions of India. This study investigated the use of aquaculture health and management products in culture ponds in Nizamabad District and surrounding areas of Telangana, India. A cross-sectional farm survey was conducted among 120 aquaculture farmers representing 180 culture ponds between January 2026 and April 2026. Information was collected on farm characteristics, cultured species, stocking practices, probiotics, environmental modifiers, minerals, zeolite/geolyte-type products, disinfectants, nutritional supplements, medicines, antiparasitic and antifungal products, antibiotics, application dose and frequency, source of recommendation, expenditure, disease occurrence, mortality, survival and production performance. Product effectiveness was assessed using farmer-reported responses together with available farm production and health records. Eighty-six percent (86%) of farmers reported using at least one health or management product during the production cycle. The most commonly used categories were probiotics (68%), zeolite/geolyte and other water-quality modifiers (61%), mineral supplements (54%), nutritional supplements (47%) and disinfectants (32%), while 18% reported antimicrobial/antibiotic use. Product choice was significantly associated with stocking density, farm size and previous disease history (p<0.05). Farms following regular water-quality monitoring, scheduled pond preparation and preventive probiotic application recorded higher survival (82.6%) and production (4.35 tonnes/ha/cycle) compared with farms relying mainly on products after the onset of disease (74.1% survival and 3.72 tonnes/ha/cycle). The findings demonstrate that aquaculture health-product use is an important component of pond management in the study region but also identify the need for improved diagnosis, product standardisation, dosage guidance, record keeping and antimicrobial stewardship. Strengthening farmer advisory services and promoting evidence-based preventive health management could improve production while reducing unnecessary dependence on therapeutic chemicals and antibiotics.