Indebtedness is just not related to one individual but it passed on from one generation to another generation. In rural area people are come under debt due to various reasons. Due to several factors like lack of faire source of finance, various social and economic obligations, lower and uncertain income etc., people in backward region could not come out of the barrier of the indebtedness. In India 52 percent farmers and in Assam 27.5 percent farmers are in debt. Char area of Assam is a peculiar geographical feature of the river Brahmaputra. These char lands are temporary in nature. The Socio-economic condition of people is extremely miserable and a series of problems like frequent flood, land erosion, mass poverty, illiteracy, high growth of population etc. are taking them into a backward society. The present study is an attempt to explore the indebtedness of people in char area of Dhubri district in Assam.