The National Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020) represents a transformative shift in India’s educational landscape. It envisions an inclusive, multidisciplinary, and learner-centric education system that aims to equip students with critical thinking, creativity, and holistic values. This paper delves into the key components of NEP 2020, analyzing its structural reforms, goals, challenges, and long-term implications. Emphasis is placed on foundational learning, digital integration, vocational training, teacher development, and equity. Drawing on diverse scholarly perspectives and policy documents, including the work of Kumar (2025), this study critically evaluates the NEP's potential in reshaping Indian education to meet global standards while being rooted in indigenous knowledge and sustainability.